Studentzone from spideybiz

<body link="#993300" vlink="#FF9900"> <p align="center"><a href="http://www.spideybiz.co.uk"><img border="0" src="spideybizlogo%20g.gif" width="400" height="108"></a></p> <p align="center"><font face="Comic Sans MS" color="#CC3300">Hello from spideybiz.  It looks like your browser may not support frames but that's okay - you can still get around.</font></p> <p align="center"><font face="Comic Sans MS" color="#CC3300">If you've come here by mistake, click on spidey.  Or continue:</font></p> <p align="center"> </p> <p align="center"><font face="Comic Sans MS" color="#CC3300"><a href="spideymiddle%20business.htm">Click here for the best sites and information for business, finance, marketing, etc.</a></font></p> <p align="center"><font face="Comic Sans MS" color="#CC3300"><a href="spideymiddle%20economics.htm">Click here for the best sites and information for economics.</a></font></p> <p align="center"><font face="Comic Sans MS" color="#CC3300"><a href="spideymiddle%20tourism.htm">Click here for the best sites and information for leisure, travel and tourism.</a></font></p> <p align="center"><font face="Comic Sans MS" color="#CC3300"><a href="spideymiddle%20ict.htm">Click here for the best sites for information for Information Communication Technology.</a></font></p> <p align="center"><font face="Comic Sans MS" color="#CC3300"><a href="spideymiddle%20business%20people.htm">Click here for the best sites if you work or are undertaking a professional course.</a></font></p> <p align="center"> </p> <p align="center"> </p> <p align="center"><font face="Comic Sans MS" color="#CC3300">The above links will all take you to the best websites for research and information - all of it free!</font></p> <p align="center"> </p> <p align="center"> </p> <p> </p> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td width="25%" valign="top" align="left"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">People, motivation, leadership, ansoff, maslow, mcgregor, porter, five forces, training, development</font></p> <h2 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Limited Company</font></h2> <h3 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Private Limited Company</font></h3> <h2 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Limited liability partnership (LLP)</font></h2> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">A LLP is a recognised legal entity by virtue of the Limited Liability Partnerships Act 2000. LLPs are legal entities which are capable of entering contracts in their own right, and are correspondingly liable for debts under those contracts. Any two people associated for carrying on a lawful business with a view to profit can set up as a LLP.</font></p> <h2 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Monthly cashflow forecast</font></h2> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">The cashflow statement shows how a firm is paying for its operations and future growth, by detailing the "flow" of cash into and out of the firm.</font></p> <h2 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Monthly profit and loss account</font></h2> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">This is a statement showing the forecast income and expenditure, and hence the profit or loss, of the applicant firm for each month for the first 12 months of trading as an authorised firm.</font></p> <h2 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Non Investment Insurance Contracts</font></h2> <h2 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Opening balance sheet</font></h2> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">This is a balance sheet prepared as at the start of the applicant firm's first 12 months of trading as an authorised firm. A balance sheet is a statement of the applicant firm's financial position including its assets and liabilities.</font></p> <h2 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Organisational Structure chart</font></h2> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">If applicable this structure chart will need to show controllers, close links, groups and any connections to European Economic Area firms and/or non European Economic Area firms. If you are not sure if you have any of these please wait until you are asked in the decision tree as you will be provided with further guidance.</font></p> <h2 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Partnership</font></h2> <h2 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Personal pension schemes including SIPPs</font></h2> <h2 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">PII quotation</font></h2> <h2 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Sole Trader</font></h2> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">A sole trader operates as an individual without the use of a company structure or partners and has sole responsibility for the actions of the business. Business finances cannot be separated from personal finances insofar as the sole trader has unlimited personal liability and is personally responsible for any liabilities incurred by the business.</font></p> <h2 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Staff organisational chart</font></h2> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">This is a chart to show that you have an management structure and clear reporting lines. You will be given more details in the core details form of this application pack as to what it should deal with. However, the minimum requirements are the names of significant staff, direct reporting lines and direct reporting lines into the board.<b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> <o:p> </o:p> <o:p> </o:p> <o:p> </o:p> </span></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">1. Economics & the Market Mechanism<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">The fundamental problem of scarcity and the related concepts of choice, opportunity cost & allocation. Distinguish between Microeconomic and Macroeconomic issues. The factors that determine demand and supply. Equilibrium and the outcome of the market system.<o:p> </o:p> <o:p> </o:p> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">2. Demand Analysis<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">The responsiveness of demand (Elasticity) to changes in the key variable s of<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">price, price of other goods and income, in the demand function. Price Elasticity of Demand. Cross Price Elasticity of Demand. Income Elasticity of Demand. Utility & marginal utility.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span><b><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">3. Theory of the Firm<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">The Law of Diminishing Returns & Economies of Scale. The importance of Economies of Scale for the Irish economy. Understand how the profit maximizing level of output is decided.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span><b><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">4. The Competitive Environment<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Understand the concept of market structure & what determines the competitive<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">environment that the firm operates. Perfect competition Monopoly, Oligopoly & Monopolistic Competition. The types of competition that takes place between firms in the competitive environment.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">5. Measuring Economic Activity<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">Distinguish between GNP, GDP and NNP as measures of Economic activity. Appreciate the limitations of these economic indicators. Economic issues such as inflation, unemployment, the business cycle</font></span><b><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">6. The Determination of National Income<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">The circular flow of income. The role of aggregate demand in determining national income & the importance of the multiplier. The difference between monetary & fiscal policy. Irish Public expenditure & the national debt</font></span><b><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">7. Money & Banking<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">The function & origins of money. How money is created and the implications of increases in the money supply. The structure of the Irish Financial Services Sector. The role of the Irish and European Central Banks.<o:p> </o:p> <o:p> </o:p> </font></span><b><font face="Arial Narrow"><font size="1"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"></o:p> </span></font><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1"></o:p> </font></span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">Core concepts of marketing. The marketing concept. The product, the selling concept, the societal marketing. Characteristics of marketing oriented firms.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span><b><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">2. The Marketing Environment<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">Influences in the micro and macro environment. Competitor analysis. Competitive strategies.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span><b><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">3. Buyer Behaviour<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">The stages in the buying process. Influences on buyer behaviour. How marketers can influence buyer behavoiur at each stage of the buying process. Differences between consumer and organisational buying behaviour.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span><b><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">4. Marketing Information Systems<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">Components of a firm’s marketing information system. Step in the marketing research process. Characteristics of good marketing research. Sampling. Probability and nonprobability samples. Contact methods for survey research. Questionnaire design. Quantitative versus qualitative market research.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span><b><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">5. Market Segmentation<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">Bases for segmentating consumer markets. Requirements for effective segmentation. Market targeting. Evaluating market segments. Selecting target markets. Positioning the market offer. Positioning the market offer. Positioning strategies. Differentiation.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span><b><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">6. Product Management<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">Classifying products. Product hierarchy. Product mix. Product line analysis. Packaging and labelling.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span><b><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">7. Branding<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">The brand concept. Brand equity. Benefits of branding. Branding decisions.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">Manufacturers’ brands versus private label brands. Brand extensions.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span><b><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">8. The Product Life Cycle<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Stages in the PLC. Strategies for each stage. Critique of the PLC.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">9. The New Product Development Process<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Stages in the NPD process. Pitfalls in the process. Why products fail<o:p> </o:p> <o:p> </o:p> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">10. Services Marketing<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">The continuum approach to services. Levels of product/service. Characteristics of services. Basic strategies for service firms. Causes of unsuccessful delivery. Determinants of service quality. Relationship marketing.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span><b><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">11. Pricing<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">The concept of price. Price and value. Pricing objectives. Factors affecting pricing decisions. Steps involved in setting prices. Pricing policies.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span><b><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">12. Distribution<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">Distribution systems. Marketing channels. Why intermediaries are used. Channel types. Main channel decisions. Causes of channel conflict. Vertical marketing decisions. Causes of channel conflict. Vertical marketing systems. Main activities in physical distribution. Retail marketing decisions.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span><b><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">13. Marketing Communications<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">The communications process. The marketing communications (promotions) mix. Marketing communications. Objectives. Advertising, public relations, sales promotion, personal selling, direct marketing, commercial sponsorship. Steps in developing a marketing communications programme. Writing a media brief. Types of advertising agency in Ireland. Choosing an agency.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> <o:p> </o:p> </o:p> </span></b></font><b><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">3. Practical Financial Accounting<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">Double entry book-keeping. The accounting equation. Books of original entry. General ledger. Trial balance. Accruals and prepayments. Provisions. Depreciation. Accounting entries for closing stock. Distinction between capital and revenue. Nature and purpose of a bank reconciliation statement. Recording of transactions through the double entry system. Extraction of a trial balance. Correction of errors. Posting of adjustments. Preparation of a trading, profit and loss account and balance sheet for a sole trader.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span><b><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">4. Management Accounting<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">Nature and scope of management accounting information. Role of management accounting information in an organisation. Relationship between management and financial accounting. Basic cost concepts. Cost volume profit analysis. Nature, objective and advantages of budgeting.<o:p> </o:p> <o:p> </o:p> </font></span><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></b></font><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"></o:p> </font></span></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Essential elements. Offer, Acceptance, Mistakes, Misrepresentation, Fraud.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow">Discharge, conditions and warranties. Performance, breach of contract, remedies, quasi contract, capacity of contract, privity of contract and assignment. Illegal, unenforceable and avoidable contracts, restraint of trade and undue influence.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span><b><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">3.Commercial Law<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Sale of goods. Credit sale, hire purchase and lease. Negotiable instruments. Agency. Freight and Carriage. Insurance and Professional Indemnity Insurance. Guarantees, Indemnities and Liens.<o:p> </o:p> <o:p> </o:p> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">4. European Union<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial Narrow" color="#FFFFFF">Institutions of the EU and their functions. The effect of EU regulations and directives on Irish law. Articles 85 & 86 of the European Economic Community Treaty. Competition Act 1991. Competition Pricing</font></span></p> <p align="center"><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font color="#FFFFFF"> <o:p>  </font></span></b></p> <p> </td> <td width="25%" valign="top" align="left"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">Euro, ECB, housing market, gordon brown, golden rule</o:p> </font></span><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US">price, price of other goods and income, in the demand function. Price Elasticity of Demand. Cross Price Elasticity of Demand. Income Elasticity of Demand. Utility & marginal utility.The Law of Diminishing Returns & Economies of Scale. The importance of Economies of Scale for the Irish economy. Understand how the profit maximizing level of output is decided.<o:p> </o:p> </span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">Understand the concept of market structure & what determines the competitive<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">environment that the firm operates. Perfect competition Monopoly, Oligopoly & Monopolistic Competition. The types of competition that takes place between firms in the competitive environment.<o:p> Distinguish between GNP, GDP and NNP as measures of Economic activity. Appreciate the limitations of these economic indicators. Economic issues such as inflation, unemployment, the business cycle.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">The circular flow of income. The role of aggregate demand in determining national income & the importance of the multiplier. The difference between monetary & fiscal policy. Irish Public expenditure & the national debt.<o:p> </o:p> </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><font size="1" face="Arial">The function & origins of money. How money is created and the implications of increases in the money supply. The structure of the Irish Financial Services Sector. The role of the Irish and European Central Banks.<o:p> </font></span><font size="1" face="Arial"><span lang="EN-AU">of the economic problem which confronts every individual and every society</span></font></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial">opportunity costs are associated with economic problem solving</font></span><font size="1" face="Arial"> <span lang="EN-AU">fundamental choices facing every society – what, how, how much and who?</span></font><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial">.</font></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">discuss the nature of goods and services not necessarily adequately provided by the market mechanism</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">assess the privatisation debate. discuss the meaning of the terms ‘unemployment’ and ‘full employment’</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial">the economic and social effects of unemployment</font></span><font size="1" face="Arial"> <span lang="EN-AU">the problem of youth unemployment in Australia</span></font></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">define ‘headline and underlying inflation’show how the Consumer Price Index is constructed</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial">analyse recent inflation statistics</font></span><font size="1" face="Arial"> <span lang="EN-AU">discuss the economic and social effects of inflation</span></font></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial">define economic growth and describe how it may be measured</font></span><font size="1" face="Arial"> <span lang="EN-AU">analyse recent economic growth statistics</span></font></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial">describe pattern of exports and imports</font></span><font size="1" face="Arial"> <span lang="EN-AU">tracecurrent account deficit in recent years</span></font></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial">assess the implications of current account deficit.</font></span><font size="1" face="Arial"> <span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span><span lang="EN-AU">understand the nature of the financial system and the contribution of publicly listed companies to that system</span></font></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; margin-left: 14.15pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">  share market and the factors that affect the price of shares at a particular time</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; margin-left: 14.15pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">leading market indicators, their formulation, meaning and usefulness in understanding market trends</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; margin-left: 14.15pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">design strategies and plans for an individual's investment portfolio.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; line-height: 97%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">identify the financial market as part of the circular flow</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; line-height: 97%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal" lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF"> </font></span><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-AU">differentiate between the terms ‘stock market’ and ‘stock exchange’</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; line-height: 97%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span></font></span><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-AU" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">understand and use evaluative tools such as dividend yield, earnings per share, price </span><span lang="EN-AU">earnings ratio and net tangible assets per share in making investment decisions</span><span lang="EN-AU" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"></o:p> </span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt; line-height: 97%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; margin-left: 14.15pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">       </span>outline the features of a perfect market (perfect competition) and describe the condition of equilibrium in a perfect market</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt; line-height: 97%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; margin-left: 14.15pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">       </span>discuss the concept of economic efficiency and consider whether perfect competition will necessarily yield economic efficiency</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt; line-height: 97%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; margin-left: 14.15pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">       </span>describe the features of the following imperfect market forms: monopolistic competition, oligopoly and monopoly</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; line-height: 99%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">ctive trade practices</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>describe the terms ‘collusion’, ‘price agreements’, ‘market sharing’, ‘collusive bidding’ and ‘collusive tendering’</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>describe the term ‘resale price maintenance’, ‘exclusive dealing’ and ‘tying contract’</font></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>distinguish between a merger and a takeover and define the term ‘subsidiary’</font></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>define and give examples of ‘monopolisation’, ‘discriminatory dealing’ and ‘collective boycott’</font></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; margin-left: 14.15pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">  </font></span><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">discuss the economic significance of wages</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; margin-left: 14.15pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">       </span>describe the process of collective bargaining and compare it to a free market determination of wage</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; margin-left: 14.15pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">       </span>identify the major sources of industrial conflict and appraise the issues in at least one dispute.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>define the term wages</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>explain the relationship between wages and profits</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>outline the principles of wage determination in a free market</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>outline the principles of wage determination by collective bargaining</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>describe the procedures by which wage rises are determined using the following methods: workplace agreements, enterprise bargaining agreements, awards set by the Industrial Relations Commission and National Wage Cases</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>analyse the respective roles of trade unions, employer groups and governments in wage determination</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>evaluate the significance of the concept of the maintenance of real wages and of economic capacity to pay in the determination of national wages policy.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>define the term ‘productivity’</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>assess the importance of productivity in determining wages</font></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>discuss possible links between wage levels and youth unemployment</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>review the average wages for women in Australia, compare them to the average wages for men and discuss reasons for the differences which occur</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; line-height: 89%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>evaluate arguments for and against government funding of a social security system.</font></span><font color="#FFFFFF"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><font size="1" face="Arial"><span lang="EN-AU"></o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>outline the role of Federal and State governments in the funding of health care</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>explain the role of private enterprise in the provision of health care</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>discuss the issues involved in a reappraisal of the roles of the public and private sectors in the provision of health care.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>describe the benefits of education to the individual</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>explain the concept of investment in human capital</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>investigate recent trends in education and training, and relate these to the need for a more productive workforce.</font></span><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF"><span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">   </span><span lang="EN-AU">explain, and investigate the issues involved in, the funding of government</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>examine the significance of the growth of private education providers in Australian education and training.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; margin-left: 14.15pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">       </span>distinguish between sole trader, partnership, private company and public company</font></span><font color="#FFFFFF"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><font size="1" face="Arial"><span lang="EN-AU"></o:p> </span></font></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 21.6pt; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>define the terms ‘short run’ and ‘long run’</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 21.6pt; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>recognise that the capacity of the firm's plant is fixed in the short run, though the output may be varied by employing smaller or larger amounts of variable factors of production</font></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 21.6pt; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>define ‘the law of diminishing returns’ and use an example to illustrate this law</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 21.6pt; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>define the terms ‘fixed costs’, ‘variable costs’, ‘total cost’, and ‘average (per unit) costs’, and use tables and graphs to illustrate</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 21.6pt; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>recognise that beyond a certain level of output variable costs rise by increasing amounts for each additional unit of output</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 21.6pt; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>define the terms ‘marginal product’ and ‘marginal cost’ and use a table to illustrate marginal cost</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 21.6pt; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>explain why the shape of the marginal cost curve is a reflection of and follows from the law of diminishing returns.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; line-height: 95%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 21.6pt; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>define ‘specialisation’·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>define ‘price takers’, ‘price makers’, ‘cost-plus pricing’ and ‘mark-up pricing’</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 21.6pt; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>distinguish between producers who are price takers and price makers</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 21.6pt; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">            </span>explain to what extent the market for farm products approximates the perfect market model</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.6pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 21.6pt; margin-left: 21.6pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">government intervention in agriculture.</font></span><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;letter-spacing:-.15pt"></o:p> </span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt; line-height: 87%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 21.6pt; margin-left: 14.15pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">     </span></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt; mso-line-height-alt: .9pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 21.6pt; margin-left: 14.15pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-AU"><font size="1" face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">  </span></font></span></p> <p> </td> <td width="25%" valign="top" align="left"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">The travel and tourism industry is the world’s biggest and fastest growing industry and this<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">unit offers an understanding of it. Through the study of this unit you will have the<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">opportunity to:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ investigate the reasons for the rapid growth in travel and tourism since the end of the<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">Second World War<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ learn that the UK travel and tourism industry is made up of a wide variety of commercial<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">and non-commercial organisations that interact to supply products and services to<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">tourists<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ learn about the present significance of the industry to the UK economy<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ investigate the wide ranging career opportunities available in the industry, so that you<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">can identify the employment opportunities that match your aspirations, skills and<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">abilities.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">The unit supports the more detailed study of the travel and tourism industry that you will<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">carry out through other parts of your Advanced VCE.<o:p> </o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">tourism cover the whole phenomenon of people travelling away from home, whether for<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">business or for leisure and the industry that supports this activity. To understand the structure<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">of the industry you need to know the main types of tourism:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ domestic (UK residents taking trips or holidays in the UK)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ inbound (overseas tourists visiting the UK)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ outbound (UK residents taking holidays outside the UK).<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">You also need to know the main reasons why people travel,<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ leisure<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ business<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ visiting friends/relatives.<o:p> </o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">developments since the end of the Second World War. You need to understand the main<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">factors that have led to the growth of the travel and tourism industry including:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ changing socio-economic circumstances (eg, increase in car ownership, increase in<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">leisure time and disposable income, for many people)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ technological developments (eg, jet aircraft, computerised reservation systems)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ product development and innovation (eg, introduction of holiday camps, package tours,<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">long-haul destinations)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ changing consumer needs, expectations and fashions.<o:p> </o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">The travel and tourism industry is continually developing to meet changing consumer needs<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">and perceptions. The key features of today’s travel and tourism industry reflect the dynamic<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">nature of the industry. These features include:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ it is predominantly private sector led<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ the majority of enterprises are small and medium-sized<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ there is extensive use of new technologies<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ it is vulnerable to external pressures (eg, currency fluctuation, government legislation,<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">climatic changes, war and civil unrest)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ the positive and negative impact on host communities (eg, economic, social,<o:p> </o:p> environmental).<o:p>  </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF"> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF"> tourist attractions (eg, natural, built)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ accommodation and catering (eg, serviced/self-catering)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ tourism development and promotion (eg, tourist boards, tourist information, guiding<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">services)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ transportation (eg, land, sea, air)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ travel agents, in terms of multiples, independents and functions and products<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ tour operations, in terms of mass market, specialist and domestic and incoming.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">You also need to understand the differences between commercial and non-commercial<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">organisations in terms of:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ defining and meeting objectives<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ funding or revenue generation<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ stakeholder or shareholder expectations.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">the scale of the industry and its components. You can do this by investigating key industry<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">statistics such as:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ consumer spending on travel and tourism in the UK<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ the number of people employed in the industry and the types of jobs<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ number of tourists coming into the UK<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ number of UK residents taking holidays in the UK (domestic tourists) and outside the<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">UK (outgoing tourists).<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">variety of enterprises of different sizes. As one of the fastest-growing sectors of the UK<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">economy, there is a wide range of job opportunities for people with the right skills,<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">knowledge and personal qualities.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">UNIT 1: INVESTIGATING TRAVEL & TOURISM (ADVANCED)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">To increase your knowledge of career opportunities in travel and tourism, you will need to<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">investigate:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ the range of employment opportunities (eg, variety of industry sectors, full-time, parttime,<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">temporary, permanent, seasonal)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ the nature of employment (eg, unsocial hours, a ‘people business’)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ personal and technical skills and qualities required by employers<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ how to find jobs in travel and tourism.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">obtain information for their work or to provide accurate and up-to-date information to<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">customers. Researching involves:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ being clear about what you are trying to find out<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ knowing how to search for information<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ deciding what is useful<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ collecting and presenting relevant information<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ drawing conclusions about your findings<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ acknowledging your sources.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">You need to use your research skills to build up your knowledge and understanding of travel<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">destinations. Those already working in the travel and tourism industry expect you to know<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">how to carry out research, using a variety of sources including:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ primary sources (eg, people working in travel and tourism, customers)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ secondary sources (eg, example gazetteers, brochures, maps, atlases, guidebooks,<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">textbooks, the internet, newspapers and trade journals).<o:p>  </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">purpose-built resorts (eg, Disneyland Paris, Center Parcs)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ countryside areas (eg, forests, mountains, lakes)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ historical/cultural destinations (eg, Pompeii, Pisa, Madrid).<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">Each of these destination types has its own particular features. These can appeal to visitors in<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">different ways and different combinations. Features include:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ climate (eg, sunshine hours, rainfall, humidity)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ topography (eg, mountains, lakes, coastline)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ natural attractions (eg, waterfalls, cliffs, forests)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ built attractions (eg, stately homes, ancient monuments, theme parks)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ events (eg, carnivals, music festivals)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ food, drink and entertainment (eg, cafés, restaurants, bars, nightclubs)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ types of accommodation (eg, self-catering, serviced)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ types of transport (eg, buses, ferries)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ accessibility to travel and tourism gateways (eg, airports, seaports, land bordercrossings).<o:p> </o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">needs of older people, who may prefer a quieter area. Similarly, the needs of a backpacker<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">travelling independently, on a limited budget, will be different from those of someone on an<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">expensive, all-inclusive</font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ North America (USA and Canada)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ the Caribbean<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ Australasia (Australia and New Zealand).<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">Travellers have a choice of transport types when deciding how to travel to their destination.<o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">As somebody hoping to work in travel and tourism, you need to be able to identify the main<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">routes and gateways that tourists can use when travelling in continental Europe and to longhaul<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">destinations.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ cost (eg, accommodation, transport, costs at the destination)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ economic conditions (in the UK and the destination, exchange rate fluctuations).<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">Social and political considerations:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ promotion (eg, by the tour operator, by the destination)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ exclusivity<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ over-commercialisation<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ crime<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ political instability/unrest<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ media coverage (positive and negative)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ tourism management (positive and negative)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ the growth of independent travel<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ the growth of short-break holidays.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">Environmental and geographical considerations:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ accessibility<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ climate<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ pollution<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">_ natural disasters.<o:p>  </font></p> <p> </td> <td width="25%" valign="top" align="left"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">hardware<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">software<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">documentation<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">standard ways of working.<o:p> </o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">keyboard<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">mouse<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">VDU<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">processor (CPU)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">connectors<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">video card<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">sound card<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">network card<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">disk drives<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">optical drive<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">printer<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">scanner<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">serial port<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">parallel port<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">microphone<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">speaker<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">SCSI controller.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">bit<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">byte<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">Kb, Mb, Gb, Tb<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">RAM<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">address<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">buffer<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">ROM<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">volatility<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">cache.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">Terms relating to the main processing unit such as:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">tower, desk unit<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">motherboard<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">processor (CPU)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">co-processor<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">ISA, PCI, etc<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">controller<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">card<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">bus (address, data)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">clock<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">serial port<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">parallel port<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">expansion slot.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">Terms relating to disk drive storage systems such as:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">floppy disk<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">hard disk<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">optical disk<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">write protect<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">data compression<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">rotation speed<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">access time<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">capacity<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">IDE, SCSI, etc.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">Terms relating to optical disks such as:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">CD ROM<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">DVD-ROM/RAM<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">CD-RW.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">Terms relating to printers, plotters and VDUs such as:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">resolution<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">flatbed<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">ink jet<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">laser<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">buffer<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">colour mode (bits)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">scan frequency<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">interlace<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">refresh rate.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">Terms relating to connector plugs and sockets such as:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">centronics<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">BNC<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">Coaxial<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">RJ series<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">DB series<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">DIP, DIL switches<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">USB<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">jumpers and settings.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">You will need to be able to safely install, configure and test complete systems and individual<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">components of a system, including:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">main processing unit<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">keyboard<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">mouse<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">VDU<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">speaker and microphone<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">scanner<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">disk or optical drive<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">printer<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">application software<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">connecting cables<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">expansion cards (video, sound or network).<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">You will need to be able to configure hardware such as:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">printer settings<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">DIP, DIL switches<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">jumper positions.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">Computer systems use consumable materials. You must be able to identify and use suitable<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">materials such as:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">paper<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">tone<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">floppy disks<o:p> </o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">ROM-BIOS start-up software<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">operating systems<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">graphic user interfaces (GUIs)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">applications.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">The ROM-BIOS is used when the hardware first powers up. Access has to be initiated on<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">starting the system. You will need to understand what this start-up software controls and be<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">able to set or define parameters to meet requirements, such as:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">select start-up (boot) disk drive<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">define a new disk drive<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">set system password<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">configure a new card (for example, video).<o:p> </o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">time and date<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">password properties<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">scheduled tasks<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">virus protection configuration<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">directory (folder) structure and settings<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">checking and setting system properties<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">system monitoring<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">printer, mouse and keyboard configuration<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">multimedia configuration<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">GUI desktop and display set-up<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">application software icons<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">disk diagnostics and tools<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">network facilities and configuration<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">power management.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">There is a wide variety of applications software to meet user needs. You will need to know<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">which type of software suits a particular processing activity. You will have to be able to<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">select, install and configure software most suited to a specified need, including:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">document (word) processing<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">desktop publishing<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">multimedia reference<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">programming languages<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">database (record structure)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">spreadsheet (numeric structure)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">vector graphics (eg geometric objects)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">bit-map graphics (eg photo images).<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">To enable users to make immediate and effective use of the system you will also need to be<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">able to configure the application software in different ways, including preparing or setting<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">items such as:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">preferences (or configuration files)<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">macros<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">toolbars and the buttons available<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">directory structures and defaults<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">data templates<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">saving and backup security<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">menu layout and contents<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">borders, rules and scroll bars.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">ICT systems and software occasionally crash. You must learn to record common problems<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">and your attempts, successful or not, at solutions. Records of this nature provide useful<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">reference material for you and others when problems occur repeatedly.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">It is also important that you record your experiences in setting up and configuring ICT<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">systems, including:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">dates of undertaking work<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">specifications used<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">components installed<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">configuration tasks undertaken<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">faults and problems experienced<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">solutions applied<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">support services accessed<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">diagnostic software used.<o:p> </o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">ergonomic and physical stress considerations.<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">You must also be able to implement or recommend proper security procedures, including<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">those that ensure:<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">data and software backup is maintained<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">confidential information is protected<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">passwords are used<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">virus checking is undertaken<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">copyright is protected<o:p> </o:p> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font face="Arial Narrow" size="1" color="#FFFFFF">theft is avoided (data, software, equipment).<o:p>  </font></p> <p> </td> </tr> </table> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT"></o:p> </span></p> </body>